Different Types of Lizards – Gecko – Wall Lizards – Garden Lizards – Flying Lizards - House Lizards
1. Hemidactylus (Wall Lizards, House Lizards, Gecko): It is common nocturnal and carnivorous lizards found roaming over walls, especially, illuminated places. It hibernates during winter and hides during the days
- Hemidactylus (Wall Lizards, House Lizards, Gecko): It is common nocturnal and carnivorous lizards found roaming over walls, especially, illuminated places. It hibernates during winter and hides during the days. Wall lizards are about 15cm long with slightly flattened body divisible into head, neck, trunk and tail. Out of the two pairs of limbs, the hinder limbs are slightly longer. The digits end in claws. On the under-surface, the digits bear adhesive pads or lamellae. They work on vacuum principle and help the animal to walk over smooth walls and ceilings. Tongue is sticky and protrusible for catching insects. The lizards produce the sound of gecko or yeko. It shows autonomy by breaking its tail when threatened. A new tail is regenerated. It is without tail vertebrate.
- Chameleon (Girgit): The lizards are famous for changing its color according to its surroundings. The phenomenon is called metachrosis. Chameleon puffs and hisses on seeing enemy. Chameleon is normally greenish black in color with laterally compressed body having granular scales. Both mid-dorsal and mid- ventral rows of pointed scales occur. There is a prominent helmet over the head. Eyes are large but eye lids are fused leaving only a small area to see through. Tympanum is absent. Limbs are long and slender. Digits form two groups for grasping. Tail is long and prehensile.
- Calotes (Garden Lizards): It is quite common in hedges, gardens and jungles. It has light brown or grey color. When excited, the color of neck and head turns red white that of the trunk changes to pale yellow. In breeding season the male develops brilliant reddish pigmentation in the head region. The size is up to 35 cm. Tail is long and prehensile. There is a middorsal crest of backwardly pointed scales. A feeble midventral crest also occurs in the neck region. The animal is insectivorous.
- Glass Snake (Glass lizards): It is a limbless snake-like lizard of eastern U.S.A. which has a long and fragile tail that can be broken off and replaced. Anguis fragilis is another limbless lizard. The limbless lizards can be differentiated from snakes by their non expansible mouth, movable eye lids and ear openings.
- Draco (Flying lizards): The skin on either side of the trunk is expanded to form fan-shaped or patagia. Five ribs are involved in the process. Patagia help the animal in gliding. A gular pouch is present. The lizard lives on trees. It is insectivorous. There are three soft hooks in the throat region. D. maculates is the flying lizards of India.
- Gila monster: It is the only poisonous lizards which are found in dry areas of America. The animal is nocturnal, feeds on eggs and small lizards. The body has blackish color with yellowish-pink spots, beads-like dorsal scales and thick tail. Poison glands open into gum of lower jaws. Poison is neurotoxic.
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