Intro to Information Systems Final Review

Final Review

First digital computer- ENIAC.

First PC (microcomputer) - Altair 8800.

2nd Generation computers- transistorized computers.

Largest cost- mainframe computers. In order from smallest to largest: Microcomputers (PCs). Designed for single users. Can be used in organizations as "stand alones" or connected to a larger system via a network. Includes PC's, network computers, PDA (personal digital assistants), and laptops. Midrange Systems- designed for small to medium size organizations. Includes network servers, minicomputers, and web-servers. Mainframe- designed for medium to large size organizations and universities. Many employees, many customers, and complex computational problems. Super Computer- large mainframe for large companies and the military. Cost, ram size, physical size, processing power all increase from micros all the way to super comps.

Compare 1 Mb to 1 million bytes. The totals are equal.

Compare .2 Gb and 450 Mb. 450 Mb is larger than .2 Gb.

Typical PC clock speed today is 1-3 GHz.

Compare .25 GHz and 200 MHz. .25 GHZ is greater than 200 MHz.

Compare 1 terabyte and 1000 Mb. 1 terabyte is bigger than 1000 Mb.

500 Kb- even less than floppy disks.

Secondary storage- floppy disks, CD, DVD.

Keyboard- computer peripheral.

Virtual company definition- Virtual Company (Cisco Systems).Uses IT to link organizations, people, assets and ideas. Has alliances with business partners interlinked by the Internet forming and interenterprise IS.

Decision Support System- computer based info system to support problem-specific decision making.

Information Systems (IS) always uses Information Technology (IT) - FALSE.

80 Gb is attainable now.

Least processing powerà Minicomputer out of the ones he gives for the final. The actual smallest is microcomputer.

Compare .5 GHz and 500 MHz. .5 GHz and 500 MHz are equal.

Compare 1/3 Gb and 400 Mb. 400 Mb is larger than 1/3 Gb.

Dan Brinklin- invented VisiCalc but did not patent it.

Customer Focused Business- attempt to respond to customer concerns, provide top-quality customer service, anticipate future needs, and keep customers loyal. Internet technologies have created a strategic opportunity for companies to offer fast, responsive, high-quality products and services tailored to individual customer preferences (Cabela's Internet Support).

500 MHz takes 2 hours to complete a task, so 1 GHz takes 1 hour.

Management Information Systems (MIS) - computer based info system to provide routine info to decision makers.

First microprocessor was Intel 8080 on the Altair.

Volatile memory- loses its contents when electrical power is interrupted.

Supercomputer- large mainframe for large companies and the military.

Computer Based Information System includes software, hardware, databases, networks, procedures, and people.

Dumb terminal- no processing capabilities. Terminals on a network.

512 Mb is primary memory. Storage Primary is RAM (Random Access Memory).

Founders of Microsoft are Gates and Allen.

Silicon Photonics- we are able to build laser out of hybrid chips.

3 ½ floppy high density can hold how much? 1.44 MB

Where was Microsoft founded? New Mexico among sleazy bars.

First PC with terminal and keyboard- Apple 2.

Plan for testing in waterfall- Design.

Steps of Waterfall in order: Systems investigation, Systems analysis, Systems design, Systems implementation, Systems maintenance and review.

System testing and integration testing difference. System testing- individual programs to work together. Integration testing- take accounting system and see how it works with other existing systems.

Air Force implements a new system- Pilot Conversion.

Parallel conversion- run new and old system at the same time until the company feels comfortable with the new system and drops the old one.

System design- the third phase of the systems development life cycle, in which all features of the proposed system are described. Answers how the system will accomplish end users information needs.

Systems investigation is conducted and then decide whether agile or waterfall.

Systems analysis- the second phase of the systems development life cycle, in which the current ways of doing business are studied and alternative replacement systems are proposed.

Training takes place in what stage? Implementation

Development team- technical support and users.

Operational prototypes- for people with a lot of experience. Nonworking prototypes- for people with not a lot of experience.

Testing phase takes place in implementation stage.

Killer application for Apple was Desktop Publishing.

Killer application for IBM was Lotus 123.

Steve Jobs hired John Skulley from Pepsi.

First computer with GUI was Xerox Alto.

Develop Query with Access with Customer, Last Name, Movie Title, and Due Date- need Customer, Rents, and Movie.

Flat file- a table storing all database information in one large two-dimensional table. They are bad.

Anything talking about tables and/or tabular formats will be relational model- structures data using a standard tabular format (rows and columns)-tables. Tables can be "linked" on common data elements.

Waterfall follows the steps of SDLC.

Know one- to- one, one- to- many, and many- to- many.

Query by example- QBE is Query by Example. Used for Query Design.

Recommended data type for phone number is text.

Window pop up for Access- [Square brackets].

Problems with traditional approach data management- data duplication, lack of integration, data dependence.

What needed Composite Key? Has and Rents

Data Model- map or diagram of entities and their relationships. Data modeling usually involves understanding a specific business problem to be solved and analyzing data and information needed to deliver a solution.

Primary key- is a value that can be used to identify a unique row in a table.

Apple took GUI from Xerox.

Referential integrity- attempts to keep a database complete without loose ends (can not delete customer if customer has a due date, can not have an actor appear in a movie that does not exist). Step is under relationships window.

SS# and no symbols-9 spaces.

Functions in Accessà (NOW)

First affordable computer with GUI- Macintosh.

Feasibility study in Waterfall is when? Investigation

SUM Function. For example: =SUM (Sheet1:Sheet3!B1:B3) adds all the values from B1 to B3 in all the sheets from Sheet1 to Sheet3. The "!" separates the sheet reference from the cell reference. The ":" between the first and third sheet says it should include all the sheets between Sheet1 and Sheet 3. The ":" between the first and the third cell says it should include all the cells between B1 and B3.

Compaq cloned IBM through reverse engineering.

2nd group of engineers from the movie was virgins.

Know PMT functions on Excel. Do the practice Excel on his website.

Gary Killdall's wife sent IBM away.

FORTREN is a programming language.

Quick and Dirty Operating System (QDOS) - Microsoft bought from Patterson and made billions.

Developer of first PC Operating System- Gary Killdall.

Accounting General Ledger- Application Specific.

SYNTAX- rules of programming language.

Skills inventory- part of staffing under Human Resources Information Systems.

Acceptance Sampling- Manufacture Information System. If the sample that is testing is good, the company accepts the entire batch.

BASIC- 3rd Generation Language.

Windows is an operating system.

Virtual Memory- Operating System can divide memory into a number of sections and swap parts of programs and data between primary memory and secondary memory in order to process a larger program or greater amount of data than primary memory would normally allow.

High level languages is 3rd generation.

ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) - Backbone of e-business.ERP is a cross-functional enterprise system that integrates and automates internal business processes. Links to sales-order processing, inventory management, inventory control, human resources, production, distribution, accounting, and finance.

Sourcing- Looking for suppliers.

Finance Information Systems- Controls the use of funds over time. Forecast of financial needs historical current and future to managers and parts of the organization.

First Operating System for PC- CPM

Questions for final from Movie:

1) What was the internet killer application?

Email.

2) Internet began at the Pentagon.

3) HTML Editor is FrontPage.

4) Add counter is inserting web component in FrontPage.

5) First Interface Message Processor (IMP) is the Honeywell 516.

6) First network to transmit by radio waves was the Aloha net.

7) First satellite launch was by Russia.

8) Standard communication for everyone the protocol is TCP/IP which stands for Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol.

9) ARPA awarded ARPANET contract to BBN because AT&T and IBM decl