How to pass the HESI exit exam answering questions on pre-op nursing care

Know the workings of the consent form
Before the surgical procedure, a consent form has to be signed by the client. The duty of a nurse is to make sure that it was properly signed. If any of the following occurs, the nurse should notify the physician:
* The client cant explain the procedure or is asking questions about the procedure
*An unauthorized person signed the form
*The consent form has not been signed
the form was signed more than 30 days before the surgery(it is more than 30 days old)

Know what to teach the client
Depending on what the surgical procedure is, you will need to teach the client a few things
How to splint with a pillow (prevent presure on sutures)
The proper way to turn and good alignment(prevent pressure on operative area.
leg and foot exercises to prevent DVT
Deep breathing and coughing exercises to mobilize secretions
Use of the incentive spirometry to promote lung expansion(dep breathe slowly and hold breath for 2-3 seconds)
How to use a PCA if applicable
Staying NPO and what to expect on the

Know what to investigate
You will need to know what to find out before the client goes into surgery like
Allergies
have they removed all nail polish and make up
Are their lab values normal (infection?)
Does the patient use dentures,contact lenses, hearing aids (these should be removed on the day of surgery, the hearing aids may be left in but the surgical team should be notified of this), have metal implants or any implants.
has the patient voided(just before the procedure)

Know what pre op Preparations may have to be done
Sometimes pre op medications may have to be given to reduce anxity or ease the induction of anesthesis
Skin prepped for surgery by scrubbing or applying certain creams
The bowel may also need to be prepped as well by administering enemas or laxatives.

These are a few things to keep in mind when answering questions on pre operative nursing care for a surgical patient. Hope this helps.