LAMP-Open Source Solution Stack for web develpoment

Solution stack is a collection of software which provides a fully functional solution.
LAMP is a solution stack of open source software, which are used to run web server or a complete web portal
In acronym LAMP
L refers to Linux as Operating System.
A refers to Apache as Web Server.
M refers to MySQL as Database Management System.
P refers to PHP, Perl or Python as scripting language.
This Combo of Linux, Apache, MySQL and PHP is being used to develop and deploy reliable and robust web application based on open source platform. 

However all these open source  systems are not designed specifically to work with each other by their designers but combination is a great success because of low cost of acquisition and robustness of these systems all together. According to Netcraft Apache is most commonly used web server among all web servers available in market.
WINS windows alternative of LAMP is another commonly used solution stack
Windows Server as Operating System.
Internet Information Services as Web Server.
.NET as programming language.
SQL Server as database

However WAMP (Windows, Apache, MySQL, PHP/ Python/ Perl) is considered as closer windows alternative of LAMP because of compatibly of windows with other layers.This is also a low cost option as you need to pay for windows OS only.
Thus AMP (Apache MySQL PHP /Perl /Python)’s equivalent installation on Windows Operating System is WAMP
On MAC operating System it is MAMP
On Solaris operating system it is SAMP.
On FreeBSD operating System it is FAMP.

Hosting providers offer pre installed LAMP or WAMP solution along with other features.
Another solution stacks available in market are WIMP, LYME , OpenACS.