Blood Sugar

                        Blood Sugar Regulation Role of major hormones.  

(i)  Insulin: causes  hypoglycemia severe   hypoglycemia  can  lead  to  convulsion;

                     (a) glycogenolysis  inhibited  because  phosphokinase  activity  and  hence phosphorylase a formation inhibited

                                          by insulin.

                     (b) glycogenesis stimulated

                     (c)gluconeogenesis inhibited.

                             Insulin also

                     (d) increases glucose entry

                      (e) prevents ketosis.           

(2) Cortisol raises blood sugar by stimulating gluconeogenesis and reducing periopheral utilization  (but  it  also  increases    hepatic glycogenesis). 

(3)  Glucagon causes increased glycogenolysis  (only in liver) and gluconeogenesis

(4) Adrenalin  increases  glycogenolysis (muscle + liver). Lipolysis  (which reduces glucose entry within cell)  and  gluconeogenesis. 

(5)  On  the  whole  ,  thyroxine  raises  blood  sugar.

Blood Sugar Regulation Role of major hormones.  

(i)  Insulin: causes  hypoglycemia severe   hypoglycemia  can  lead  to  convulsion;

                     (a) glycogenolysis  inhibited  because  phosphokinase  activity  and  hence phosphorylase a formation inhibited

                                          by insulin.

                     (b) glycogenesis stimulated

                     (c)gluconeogenesis inhibited.

                             Insulin also

                     (d) increases glucose entry

                      (e) prevents ketosis.           

(2) Cortisol raises blood sugar by stimulating gluconeogenesis and reducing periopheral utilization  (but  it  also  increases    hepatic glycogenesis). 

(3)  Glucagon causes increased glycogenolysis  (only in liver) and gluconeogenesis

(4) Adrenalin  increases  glycogenolysis (muscle + liver). Lipolysis  (which reduces glucose entry within cell)  and  gluconeogenesis. 

(5)  On  the  whole  ,  thyroxine  raises  blood  sugar

Blood Sugar Regulation Role of major hormones.  

(i)  Insulin: causes  hypoglycemia severe   hypoglycemia  can  lead  to  convulsion;

                     (a) glycogenolysis  inhibited  because  phosphokinase  activity  and  hence phosphorylase a formation inhibited

                                          by insulin.

                     (b) glycogenesis stimulated

(c)gluconeogenesis inhibited.

                             Insulin also

                     (d) increases glucose entry

                      (e) prevents ketosis.           

(2) Cortisol raises blood sugar by stimulating gluconeogenesis and reducing periopheral utilization  (but  it  also  increases    hepatic glycogenesis).