The city of Istanbul (2)

The climate of Istanbul is mild, with average annual temperatures of 14 ° C and annual rainfall is about 800 mm. Predominant wind from the northeast - called poyraz - do sometimes occur during winter, karayel-vXwx or uncover Black, a gruff and cold winds that beat on the land, via the Balkans. Southwesterly winds (lodos) can cause storms in the Marmara Sea.
flowering and the collapse of empires
Even if today the modern capital of Turkey is Ankara, Istanbul was the capital of two great historical empires: Byzantine Empire and the Ottoman Empire. The city was founded in 660 year juml B.C.. by Greeks from Megara and Milet provinces. Persian King Darius I of the busy city in 512 BC Sparta conquered the city in 479 BC, 1-lost to
Athens and regain a 1-in 405 BC For almost 700 years old Sparta, Macedonia, Rhodes and Rome had control over the rival city. Roman Emperor Sepliinus Seveiiis robbed in the city 196 AD but he rebuilt. 324 in the city was chosen as the new capital of the Roman Empire, east and west, by Constantine I (the Great), the first emperor who had to adopt Christianity. The town has expanded rapidly and have added walls of defense in the new role of capital of Byzantine Empire (as has come to be known middle eastern Roman Empire), Constantinople became a prominent city of Europe, reaching its peak during its development reign of lustinian I (527-65). 542 in the city was hit by an epidemic of plague which killed approximately 60% of the 500,000 inhabitants. After this, the city has suffered a pronounced decline, being attacked by people (626), Arabs (673-77, 717-18), Bulgaria (813, 924), Russians (860, 941, 1043) and nomads pecenegi (1090 -91). but none of the invaders has not conquered the city, until the armies of the Crusades Fourth robbed him, the way to the Holy Land. Latin Empire of Constantinople, led the Venetian based critical of, has witnessed the most disastrous period in history